杜瓦瓶（Dewars）其要結(jié)構(gòu)和各部件功能如下 ：
①外筒體 ：除保護內(nèi)桶體外，它還與內(nèi)桶體形成真空夾層以阻止瓶外熱量的侵入，減少瓶內(nèi)低溫液體的自然汽化量 ；
②內(nèi)筒體 ：儲備低溫液體 ；
③汽化器 ：通過與外桶內(nèi)壁的熱交換，實現(xiàn)將瓶內(nèi)的液態(tài)氣體轉(zhuǎn)化為氣態(tài) ；
④ 液閥 ：控制杜瓦瓶進(jìn)行液體充灌或從瓶中排出液體 ；
⑤安 全閥 ：當(dāng)容器的壓力大于較大工作壓力時自動卸壓，其起跳壓力略大于較大工作壓力 ；
⑥排放閥 ：在杜瓦瓶灌充液體時，用此閥排放瓶內(nèi)氣相空間的氣體，降低瓶內(nèi)壓力，以便快速順利地灌充液體。其另一作用是杜瓦瓶在儲存或其他情況下發(fā)生瓶內(nèi)壓力超過較高工作壓力時，可用此閥人工排放瓶內(nèi)的氣體，以降低瓶內(nèi)的壓力 ；
⑦ 壓力表 ：指示瓶內(nèi)筒的壓力 ；
⑧ 增壓閥 ：此閥開啟后，瓶內(nèi)的液體便會通過增壓盤管與外筒壁進(jìn)行熱交換，汽化為氣體，進(jìn)入內(nèi)筒壁上部的氣相空間，使氣瓶建立一定的驅(qū)動壓力（內(nèi)壓），以便驅(qū)動瓶內(nèi)的低溫液體，使其流動 ；
⑨ 使用閥 ：用于杜瓦瓶液體汽化回路與用戶用氣進(jìn)口端管道通路的開啟，也可以用此閥控制氣體的流速 ；
⑩ 液位計 ：比較直觀地指示容器內(nèi)液面的高低，安裝位置應(yīng)便于操作人員觀察和檢修 。
The main structure and functions of dewars are as follows:
① Outer cylinder: in addition to protecting the inner barrel, it also forms a vacuum interlayer with the inner barrel to prevent the invasion of heat outside the bottle and reduce the natural vaporization of cryogenic liquid in the bottle;
② Inner cylinder: Reserve low temperature liquid;
③ Vaporizer: through the heat exchange with the inner wall of the outer barrel, the liquid gas in the bottle can be transformed into the gaseous state;
④ Liquid valve: control Dewar bottle to fill or discharge liquid from the bottle;
⑤ Safety valve: when the pressure of the vessel is greater than the larger working pressure, the pressure will be released automatically, and the take-off pressure will be slightly greater than the larger working pressure;
⑥ Discharge valve: when the Dewar bottle is filled with liquid, this valve is used to discharge the gas in the gas phase space in the bottle, so as to reduce the pressure in the bottle, so as to fill the liquid quickly and smoothly. The other function is that when the pressure in the Dewar bottle exceeds the higher working pressure during storage or other conditions, the valve can be used to manually discharge the gas in the bottle to reduce the pressure in the bottle;
⑦ Pressure gauge: indicating the pressure of the inner cylinder of the bottle;
⑧ Booster valve: after the valve is opened, the liquid in the bottle will exchange heat with the outer cylinder wall through the supercharging coil, vaporize into gas, and enter the gas phase space on the upper part of the inner cylinder wall, so as to establish a certain driving pressure (internal pressure) of the cylinder, so as to drive the low-temperature liquid in the bottle to flow;
⑨ Use valve: it is used to open the pipeline channel between Dewar liquid vaporization circuit and user gas inlet end, and it can also be used to control gas flow rate;
⑩ Liquid level gauge: it can directly indicate the liquid level in the container, and the installation position should be convenient for the operator to observe and repair.
