IC693ACC311IC693ACC311
PLC的應(yīng)用
目前,PLC在國內(nèi)外已廣泛應(yīng)用于鋼鐵、石油、化工、電力、建材、機(jī)械制造、汽車、輕紡、交通運(yùn)輸、環(huán)保及文化娛樂等各個行業(yè),隨著其性能價格比的不斷提高,應(yīng)用的范圍還在不斷擴(kuò)大,PLC的應(yīng)用大致可歸納為以下幾類。
1)、開關(guān)量的邏輯控制
這是PLCzui基本、zui廣泛的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。PLC的邏輯控制取代傳統(tǒng)的繼電系統(tǒng)控制電路,實現(xiàn)邏輯控制、順序控制,既可用于單機(jī)控制,也可用于多機(jī)群控及自動化生產(chǎn)線的控制等。如機(jī)床電氣控制、裝配生產(chǎn)線、電梯控制、冶金系統(tǒng)的高爐上料系統(tǒng)以及各種生產(chǎn)線的控制。
2)、運(yùn)動控制
PLC可以用于圓周運(yùn)動或直線運(yùn)動的控制。目前,大多數(shù)的PLC制造商都提供拖動步進(jìn)電機(jī)或伺服電機(jī)的單軸或多軸位置控制模塊,這一功能可廣泛用于各種機(jī)械,如金屬切削機(jī)床、金屬成型機(jī)床、機(jī)器人、電梯等。
3)、過程控制
過程控制是指對溫度、壓力、流量、速度等連續(xù)變化的模擬量的閉環(huán)控制。PLC采用相應(yīng)的A/D和D/A轉(zhuǎn)換模塊及各種各樣的控制算法程序來處理模擬量,完成閉環(huán)控制。PID調(diào)節(jié)是一般閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)中用得較多的一種調(diào)節(jié)方法。過程控制在冶金、化工、熱處理、鍋爐控制等場合有非常廣泛的應(yīng)用。現(xiàn)代的大、中型PLC一般都有閉環(huán)PID控制模塊,這一功能可以用PID子程序來實現(xiàn),而更多的是使用PID模塊來實現(xiàn)。
手機(jī)
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Qq:
鄭娟萍
廈門仲鑫航自動化設(shè)備有限公司
4)、數(shù)據(jù)處理
PLC具有數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算(含矩陣運(yùn)算、函數(shù)運(yùn)算、邏輯運(yùn)算)、數(shù)據(jù)傳送、數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換、排序、查表、位操作等功能,可以完成數(shù)據(jù)的采集、分析及處理。這些數(shù)據(jù)可以通過通信接口傳送到的智能裝置進(jìn)行處理,或?qū)⑺鼈兇蛴溆谩?shù)據(jù)處理一般用于大型控制系統(tǒng),如造紙、冶金、食品工業(yè)中的一些大型控制系統(tǒng)。
5)、通信及聯(lián)網(wǎng)
PLC通信括PLC相互之間、PLC與上位機(jī)、PLC與其它智能設(shè)備間的通信。PLC與其它智能控制設(shè)備一起,可以構(gòu)成“集中管理、分散控制”的分布式控制系統(tǒng),滿足工廠自動化系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的需要。
● PLC控制系統(tǒng)與繼電器控制系統(tǒng)的區(qū)別 :
⑴ 組成器件不同:繼電器控制線路是許多真正的硬件繼電器組成,而梯形圖則由許多所謂“軟繼電器”組成。
⑵ 觸點數(shù)量不同:硬繼電器的觸點數(shù)量有限,用于控制的繼電器的觸 點數(shù)一般只有4~8對;而梯形圖中每個“軟繼電器”供編程使用的觸點數(shù)有無限對。
⑶ 實施控制的方法不同:在繼電器控制線路中,實現(xiàn)某種控制是通過各種繼電器之間硬接線解決的。而PLC控制是通過梯形圖即軟件編 程解決的。
⑷ 工作方式不同:在繼電器控制線路中,采用并行工作方式;而在梯形圖的控制線路中,采用串行工作方式。
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