6ES7417-4HL00-0AB0西門子6ES7417-4HL00-0AB0西門子
編程規(guī)則與典型程序塊
利用梯形圖編程與采用繼電器控制電路有些相似,因此,很多人習(xí)慣采用梯形圖編程。梯形圖編程有些基本要求和規(guī)則,也有一些規(guī)律可循。
2.1梯形圖設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則
PLC編程應(yīng)注意以下基本原則。
(1)外部輸入/輸出繼電器、內(nèi)部繼電器、定時(shí)器、計(jì)數(shù)器等軟元件的觸點(diǎn)可重復(fù)使用,沒有必要特意采用復(fù)雜程序結(jié)構(gòu)來減少觸點(diǎn)的使用次數(shù)。
(2)梯形圖每一行都是從左母線開始,線圈接在zui右邊。在繼電器控制原理圖中,繼電器的觸點(diǎn)可以放在線圈的右邊,但在梯形圖中觸點(diǎn)不允許放在線圈的右邊。如圖6-10所示。
(3)線圈不能直接與左母線相連,也就是說線圈輸出作為邏輯結(jié)果必須有條件。必要時(shí)可以使用一個(gè)內(nèi)部繼電器的動(dòng)斷觸點(diǎn)或內(nèi)部特殊繼電器來實(shí)現(xiàn)。參見圖6-11所示。
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(4)同一編號(hào)的線圈在一個(gè)程序中使用兩次以上稱為雙線圈輸出。雙線圈輸出容易引起誤操作,這時(shí)前面的輸出無效,只有zui后的輸出才有效。但該輸出線圈對(duì)應(yīng)觸點(diǎn)的動(dòng)作,要根據(jù)該邏輯運(yùn)算之前的輸出狀態(tài)來判斷。如圖6-12所示,由于M1雙線圈輸出,所以,M1輸出隨zui后一個(gè)M1輸出變化,Y1隨*個(gè)M1線圈變化,而Y2隨第二個(gè)M1輸出變化。所以,一般情況下,應(yīng)盡可能避免雙線圈輸出。
(5)梯形圖程序必須符合順序執(zhí)行的原則,即從左到右,從上到下執(zhí)行,如不符合順序執(zhí)行的電路不能直接編程,例如圖6-13所示電路不能直接編程。
(6)梯形圖中串、并聯(lián)的觸點(diǎn)次數(shù)沒有限制,可以無限制的使用
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